#討論坦克前的男子：記者如何走私出標誌性的天安門廣場照片 | 頭板

The man in front of the tank: How journalists smuggled out the iconic Tiananmen Square photo 坦克前的男子：記者如何走私出標誌性的天安門廣場照片 By Mike Chinoy and Jessie Yeung, CNN 6 minute read Updated 10:34 PM EDT, Mon June 3, 2024 CNN — The shot is iconic: an unidentified man in a white shirt, hands full of bags, facing off against a column of tanks on Beijing’s Avenue of Eternal Peace, after the Chinese Communist Party ordered a bloody military crackdown on pro-democracy protesters. CNN — 這張照片具有標誌性：在中國共產黨下令對支援民主的抗議者進行血腥軍事鎮壓後，一名身穿白襯衫的身份不明的男子，手裡裝滿袋子，在北京永恆和平大道上與一列坦克對峙。 The photo and footage of the so-called “tank man” became the defining image of the Tiananmen Square crackdown whose 35th anniversary passed on Tuesday. 所謂的「坦克人」的照片和鏡頭成為天安門廣場鎮壓的決定性形象，該鎮壓35週年於週二過去。 On the night of June 3, 1989, after nearly two months of demonstrations by students and workers demanding faster political reform and an end to corruption, convoys of armed troops entered central Beijing to clear the square. It was a bloodbath; witnesses described tanks driving over unarmed protesters, and soldiers firing indiscriminately into the crowd. 1989年6月3日晚，在學生和工人要求加快政治改革和結束腐敗的近兩個月的示威之後，武裝部隊車隊進入北京市中心清理廣場。這是一場大屠殺；目擊者描述了坦克績過手無寸鐵的抗議者，士兵不分青紅皁白地向人群開火。 To this day the massacre remains one of the most sensitive political taboos in mainland China, with all mention of it strictly censored. Commemoration can lead to imprisonment. Chinese authorities have not released an official death toll, but estimates range from several hundred to thousands. 迄今為止，大屠殺仍然是中國大陸最敏感的政治禁忌之一，所有提及都受到嚴格審查。紀念活動可能會導致監禁。中國當局沒有公佈官方死亡人數，但估計人數從數百人到數千人不等。 https://i.imgur.com/dBTeWUi.jpeg People hold candles at a vigil in Hong Kong to mark the Tiananmen Square anniversary on June 4, 2017. Hong Kong, a former British colony, was the only place on Chinese soil where such vigils were allowed — until Beijing's recent crackdown on the city ended the decades-long tradition. 2017年6月4日，人們在香港的守夜活動中舉著蠟燭紀念天安門廣場的週年紀念日。香港是前英國殖民地，是中國領土上唯一允許這種守夜的地方——直到北京最近對該市的鎮壓結束了長達幾十年的傳統。 Still, each June 4 since, diaspora communities and surviving protesters in exile around the world have commemorated the event – often resharing the historic photo by Jeff Widener, then a photographer for the Associated Press (AP), as well as footage shot by CNN’s crews. 儘管如此，此後每年6月4日，世界各地的僑民社群和倖存的流亡抗議者都會紀念這一事件——經常重新分享當時美聯社（美聯社）攝影師傑夫·維德納的歷史照片，以及美國有線電視新聞網的工作人員拍攝的鏡頭。 The journey of the photograph, too, captured the tension and fear of the time – involving smuggling equipment and film past authorities and across borders. By that point, the Chinese government was trying desperately to control the message going out to the world – and was trying to stop all American news outlets, including CNN, from broadcasting live from Beijing. 這張照片的旅程也捕捉到了當時的緊張和恐懼——涉及走私裝置和電影，跨越當局和邊境。到那時，中國政府正拼命控制向世界傳遞的資訊——並試圖阻止包括CNN在內的所有美國新聞機構從北京直播。 These interviews, excerpted from “Assignment China: An Oral History of American Journalists in the People’s Republic” by Mike Chinoy, CNN’s Beijing bureau chief during the crackdown, offer the behind-the-scenes story of perhaps the most famous moment in the crisis. Chinoy was there, broadcasting live from a balcony overlooking the scene, and spoke to witnesses during and after the historic event. 這些採訪摘自美國有線電視新聞局北京分局長Mike Chinoy在鎮壓期間的《任務中國：美國記者在中華人民共和國的口述歷史》，提供了可能是危機中最著名的時刻的幕後故事。奇諾伊在那裡，在俯瞰現場的陽臺上進行直播，並在歷史性事件期間和之後與目擊者交談。 Sneaking in and smuggling equipment 偷偷溜入和走私裝置 It was Monday, June 5, 1989, and Beijing was reeling from the crackdown the day before. Liu Heung-shing, the photo editor for the AP in Beijing, asked Widener to help get photos of Chinese troops from the Beijing Hotel – which had the best vantage point of the square, now under military control. 那是1989年6月5日星期一，北京因前一天的鎮壓而搖搖欲墜。美聯社駐北京的照片編輯Liu Heung-shing要求Widener幫助從北京酒店拍攝中國軍隊的照片——該酒店擁有廣場的最佳優勢，現在處於軍事控制之下。 Widener had flown in from the news agency’s Bangkok office a week before to help with coverage, and was hurt when the crackdown began, he told CNN previously – after having been hit in the head by a rock, and laid low with the flu. 他此前告訴CNN，Widener一週前從該通訊社的曼谷辦公室飛來幫助報道，在鎮壓開始時受傷了——在被石頭擊中頭部並因流感而躺下後。 He set off, with his camera equipment hidden in his jacket – a long 400-millimeter lens in one pocket, a doubler in another, film in his underwear and the camera body in his back pocket. 他出發了，他的相機裝置藏在夾克裡——一個口袋裡有400毫米長鏡頭，另一個口袋裡有一個雙倍鏡頭，內衣裡有膠片，後口袋裡有相機機身。 https://i.imgur.com/84WKnNT.jpeg A young woman is caught between civilians and Chinese soldiers near the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, June 3, 1989. 1989年6月3日，一名年輕女子在北京人民大會堂附近被夾在平民和中國士兵之間。 “I’m biking towards the Beijing Hotel and there’s just debris and charred buses on the ground,” he said. “All of a sudden, there’s four tanks coming, manned by soldiers with heavy machine guns. I’m on my bicycle thinking I can’t believe I’m doing this.” 他說：「我騎車去北京酒店，地面上只有碎片和燒焦的公共汽車。」「突然間，有四輛坦克來了，由拿著重機槍計程車兵駐守。我騎著腳踏車，以為我不敢相信自己在這樣做。」 “I hear rumors that other journalists had had their film and cameras confiscated. I had to figure out a way to get into the hotel,” he added. “I look inside the darkened lobby, and there’s this Western college kid. I walked up to him and whispered, ‘I’m from Associated Press, can you let me up to your room?’ He picked up on it right away and said, ‘Sure.’” 「我聽到謠言說，其他記者的電影和相機被沒收了。我必須想辦法進入酒店，」他補充道。我看著黑暗的大廳，有一個西方大學生。我走到他身邊，低聲說：「我來自美聯社，你能讓我去你的房間嗎？」他馬上拿起它，說：「當然。」 That young man was Kirk Martsen – an American exchange student who snuck Widener into his sixth-floor hotel room. 那個年輕人是Kirk Martsen——一個美國交換生，他把Widener偷偷帶進他六樓的酒店房間。 From there, Widener began photographing the tanks rolling by on the roads below – sometimes hearing the ring of a bell that signified a cart passing by with a body, or an injured person being taken to the hospital, he said. 他說，從那裡，Widener開始拍攝坦克在下面的道路上滾動的照片——有時聽到鈴聲的鈴聲，表示一輛車帶著屍體經過，或者一個受傷的人被送往醫院。 https://edition.cnn.com/2024/06/03/china/tiananmen-square-tank-man-photo-intl-hnk/index.html